“A more German composer than you has never lived.” Richard Wagner’s words, spoken at the graveside of Carl Maria von Weber in December 1844, have echoed down the centuries. Weber had died in London (1826), where he was buried, but Wagner led the campaign to have his remains brought back to Dresden, where Wagner had taken up Weber’s old post as Kapellmeister. Wagner’s advocacy of Der Freischütz helped cement Weber’s opera in Germany’s national cultural heritage, a work at the forefront of the Romantic movement which steered German opera into new terrain – albeit a direction which vindicated Wagner’s own views about where the art form should be heading. But where did Freischütz spring from and how did it influence the next generation of composers?

Carl Maria von Weber, 1821 © Caroline Bardua

Der Freischütz is an operatic chiller, the tale of Max, a luckless huntsman who, having a dry spell with his rifle, enters into a pact with the devil so that he is able to cast magic bullets (Freikugeln) that will always hit their mark. This is crucial to the upcoming shooting contest in which Max must compete, where the hand of his sweetheart, Agathe, is the prize.

Weber stumbled across the Gespensterbuch, ghost stories collected by Johann Apel and Friedrich Laun, in Heidelberg in 1810. Sinister tales of the supernatural were all the rage and the myth of the Black Huntsman was already part of popular legend, especially as retold by the Brothers Grimm. But Weber waited some years to set the tale. In the meantime, he worked as an operatic conductor, firstly in Prague (1813-16), then in Dresden as Kapellmeister at the Hoftheater, where he programmed operas by Luigi Cherubini, Étienne Méhul and Nicolas Dalayrac.

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